Hello There! Lets talk about disasters that occurred a lot these days which is aviation disasters. We see news go non stop about this. What is it that we don’t know?
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Definition
Based on the
link http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aviation the meaning of aviation is the
practical aspect or art of aeronautics, being the design, development,
production, operation, and use of aircraft, especially heavier-than-air
aircraft. The word "aviation" was coined by French writer and former
naval officer Gabriel La Landelle in 1873, from the verb "avier"
(synonymous flying), itself derived from the Latin word "avis"
("bird") and the suffix "-ation".
Cause of disaster
The most
common causes of aircraft crashes include the following:
Defective
Design and/or Materials - Defects in this category can cause metal fatigue,
cracking, and/or in-flight failure of critical components.
In-Flight
Instrument or Avionics Failure - Cockpit instruments such as attitude
indicators, altimeters, and autopilots can fail in flight without warning, with
catastrophic results to pilots and passengers.
Negligent
Maintenance or Repair - Maintenance records and log books are kept to record an
aircraft's maintenance history, and are an important part of any postcrash investigation.
Pilot Error
- A pilot's failure to exercise due diligence can be a principle or partial
cause of a crash.
Air
Traffic Control Errors - Failure to follow proper air traffic control rules and
procedures can lead to disaster.
In-Flight
Icing - Icing is a contributing or causal factor in numerous fatal aircraft
crashes.
Fuelling
Errors - Fuel mismanagement such as starvation, exhaustion, or contamination
often results in crashes.
History of disaster
1919
August 2 – A
Caproni Ca.48 crashes at Verona, Italy, during a flight from Venice to Taliedo,
Milan, kills all on board (14, 15, or 17 people, according to different
sources).
1922
April 7 – In
the first mid-air collision of airliners, a Daimler Hire Ltd.-operated de
Havilland DH.18A, G-EAWO, collides with a Compagnie des Grands Express Aériens
(CGEA)-operated Farman F.60 Goliath, F-GEAD, over the Thieulloy-St. Antoine
road near Picardie, France, killing all seven people on both aircraft.
1923
May 14 – An
Air Union Farman F.60 Goliath crashes near Monsures, Somme, France due to the
structural failure of a wing, killing all 6 on board.
August 27 –
An Air Union Farman F.60 Goliath crashes near East Malling, Kent, England due
to engine failure, and confusion among the passengers, killing one of 13 on
board.
1924
December 25 – An Imperial Airways de Havilland
DH.34 crashes near Purley, Surrey, England killing all 8 on board; the cause
was never determined.
Who investigated?
Annex 13 of
the Chicago Convention provides the international Standards And Recommended
Practices that form the basis for air accident and incident investigations by
signatory countries, as well as reporting and preventative measures. The
International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) is specifically focused on
preventing accidents, rather than determining liability.
Australia
Within
Australia, the Australian Transport Safety Bureau is the federal government
body responsible for investigating transport-related accidents and incidents,
covering air, sea, and rail travel. Formerly an agency of the Department of
Infrastructure, Transport, Regional Development and Local Government, in 2010,
in the interests of keeping its independence it became a stand alone agency.
United Kingdom
In the
United Kingdom, the agency responsible for investigation of civilian air
crashes is the Air Accidents Investigation Branch (AAIB) of the Department for
Transport. Its purpose is to establish the circumstances and causes of the accident
and to make recommendations for their future avoidance.
Safety
In over one
hundred years of implementation, aviation safety has improved considerably. In
modern times, two major manufacturers still produce heavy passenger aircraft
for the civilian market: Boeing in the United States of America, and the
European company Airbus. Both place huge emphasis on the use of aviation safety
equipment, now a billion-dollar industry in its own right; for each, safety is
a major selling point—realizing that a poor safety record in the aviation
industry is a threat to corporate survival. Some major safety devices now
required in commercial aircraft involve:
Evacuation
slides — aid rapid passenger exit from an aircraft in an emergency situation.
Advanced
avionics – Computerized auto-recovery and alert systems.
Turbine
engines – durability and failure containment improvements.
Landing gear
– that can be lowered even after loss of power and hydraulics.